Page 38 - cover

36 ;sia y;a jk l,dmh

wka;¾cd,h ;=< úúO wmrdO" ;%ia;jd§ l%shd"
k
j¾;udkfha ck;dj w;r b;du ckm%sh fukau ñksia cdjdrï" u;aøjH" wúwdhqO wd§ jQ cdjdrï wdÈh
jvd;a ld¾hlaIu ikaksfõok udOH wka;¾cd,hhs' isÿjk nj Tn wid we;' kuq;a tajd fld;ekl jkjd±hs
tys Ndú;h" m%udKfhkaa úYd, mß.Klfha isg Tn fkdokakjd úh yel' tjeks kS;s úfrdaë l%shdjkag
b;d l=vd cx.u ÿrl:kh (Smart Phone) olajd jHdma; iïnkaO lKavdhï f,dalh mqrd isák fjk;a tjeks
ù mj;sk w;r wo jk úg f,dal .ïudkh hk lKavdhï yd ixúOdk iu. in`o;d mj;ajkafka;a"
ixl,amh wka;¾cd,h yryd Tnf.a we`.s,s ;=vq tu l%shdjka iy ta iïnkaO .Kqfokq isÿ lrkakkaf.a;a
iómhgu meñK we;' wka;¾cd,fha w÷re cd,h yrydh' fï iïnkaO ldrKd
fndfyda fofkla f;dr;=re fidhd .ekSu" fndfyduhla we`. ls,sfmd,d hk iq¨h'
úfkdaodiajdoh iy wOHdmksl lghq;= i|yd w÷re cd,hg iïnkaOùu i`oyd mß.Klfha
wka;¾cd,h Ndú;d l<o tys ksfIaaol fukau fufyhqï moaO;sh f,i úkafvdia (Windows) ks¾foaY
Nhdkl me;slv ms<sn`o we;s ±kqu b;d w,am fõ' fkdlrk w;r fï i`oyd ,sklaia (Linux) mdol fïfyhqï
fuys§ idlÉPd jkafka wka;¾cd,h Ndú;d lsÍfï§ moaO;shla Ndú;d lsÍu jvd;a wdrlaIdldÍ fõ' ;jo fuh
ie,ls,su;a úh hq;= uQ,sl lreKq .ek fkdjk w;r wkkH;djh fy<s fkdjk wka;¾cd, m%fõY uDÿldx.
wka;¾cd,fha mj;sk Tn ±kqjkaúh hq;= fjk;a hla (web browser) yryd isÿ l< hq;=h' fndfyda úg fï ioyd
me;slvla ms<sn`ojhs' th w÷re cd,h (Dark web) kñka Tor web browser Ndú;d flf¾' ukao w÷re cd,h ;=< we;s
y÷kajk w;r tys mj;sk fndfyda oE hym;a iudchl oE ljqreka úiska yiqrjkjdo" mßYS,lhka ljqrekao"
isÿ fkdúh hq;= kS;s úfrdaë lghq;= jk w;r tys fld;kl isg l%shd;aul jkjdo hkak lsisfjl=g fidhd
isÿjk fndfyduhla l%shdldrlï w;s Nhdklh' .; fkdyel' ish,a, ks¾kdñlh' fï yd iïnkaO fndfyda
w÷re cd,h .ek ±kqj;a ùug m%:u wm msßia f.da,Sh ;%ia;jdoh yd md;d,h iu. iïnkaO ù
±kqj;a úh hq;= fohla fõ' th .eUqre cd,h (Deep isá;s' fndfyda .Kqfokq isÿ jkafka ìÜfldhska (Bitcoin)
web) f,i ye|skafõ' .eUqre cd,h f,i ie,flkafka yrydh' th bf,lafg%dksla" w;:H (virtual) uqo,a tallhla
google.com fijqï hka;% (Serch Engine& u`.ska fiùug jk w;r f,dj mqrd fuu uqo,a tallh yryd .Kqfokq
fkdyels kuq;a wka;¾cd,h ;=< mj;sk fjí wvú" isÿ fõ' fuys úfYaI;ajh tys fjf<ofmd< w.h u;
o;a; .nvd (Database) mßYS,l kdu (user name) iy Tng ìÜfldhska ñ,§ .; yelsuq;a th fN!;slj ldis
uqrmo (password) u`.ska m%fõY úh hq;= wka;¾cd,h fyda fkdaÜgq f,i Tng ±l n,d .; fkdyel' ish¨
;=< mj;sk fm!oa.,sl .sKqï ^Wod( Tfí gmail úÿHq;a f.ùï iy ñ,§ .ekSï wka;¾cd,h yryd isÿ fõ' kuq;a
;eme,a .sKqï ;=< we;s ,sms" Tfí Facebook .sKqfï ta ioyd nexl= iïnkaO fkdfõ' uqo,a yqjudrej b;d
we;s Tfí fm!oa.,sl f;dr;=re yd m%isoaO fkdl< fõ.j;ah'
PdhdrEm wdÈh&" úúO wdh;k j, wNHka;r fjí ish,a, uqo,g isÿjk f,dalh ;=< fnfyúka kS;s úfrdaê
wvú wdÈhhs' iy iudc úfrdaë l%shdjka fuys isÿfõ' uqo,g ñkS
c,fha mdfjk úYd, whsia lkaola iïmQ¾K ueÍu" u;aøjH fj<odu" .sks wú fj<odu" mß.Kl
wka;¾cd,hg iudk l, fyd;a c,h ;=< .s,S we;s o;a; fidrd .ekSu" ihsn¾ m%ydr"jHdc fl%äÜ ldâ
msg;g fkdfmfkk úYd, fldgi .eUqre cd,h f,i;a úlsKsu" ñksia cdjdrï wd§ jQ kS;s úfrdaë l%shd ish,a,u
c,fhka by,g msg;g fmfkk iq`: fldgi u;=msg mdfya fuys isÿjk w;r uqo,g tjeksfoa isÿ lrkakka
cd,h (Surface web) f,i;a y`ÿkajhs' .eUqre cd,h f,i tys nyq,j isà' wjYH jkafka Tjqka iïnkaO lrf.k
.efkk m%udKh uq¨ wka;¾cd, Odß;djfhka 98% - wod, weKjqu" úia;r iy uqo,a iu. ,nd §uhs' miqj
99% muK w;s úYd, m%udKhla f,i ie,flk w;r Tn fjkqfjka Tjqka tu ld¾hka isÿlrkq ,efí' óg
´kEu flfkl= yg msúissh yels fldgi jk u;=msg wu;rj r;= ldur (Red Room) kïka y`ÿkajk icSù ùäfhda
cd,h 1% - 2% muK l=vd m%udKhlg iSudfõ' jevigyka we;s w;r tysoS ia;%s ¥IK" <ud wmpdr" hï
wm idlÉPd lrk w÷re cd,h" .eUqre cd,fha hï mqoa.,hka yg jo §ï" ysxid lsÍï iy we;eï úg
Wm fldgila f,i ie,lsh yel' tys ießieÍu >d;kh lsÍï mjd úldYh lrk w;r tjeks foa" f,a
b;d m%fõYfuka l< hq;= w;r fï i`oyd Ndú;d lrk msmdis; yd úlD;s udkisl ;;ajhka we;s mqoa.,hska
Wmdx.j, iy tys we;s o;a; j, wdrlaIdj ms<sn`oj uqo,a f.jd keröu u.ska úkaokhla ,nhs'
b;d fyd| ±kqula we;akï muKla w÷re cd,fha w÷re cd,h ;=<ska .skswú" úúO u;a øjH
ießieÍug ks¾foaY flf¾' ;jo fï ms<sn`o ksis j¾." fl!;=l NdKaav wd§ rgj, úlsKsug yd fnod
±kqula fkdue;sj w`ÿre cd,fha ießieÍu u.ska Tfns yeÍug ;ykï iy kS;S úfrdAë fndfyda oE úlsKSsug
o;a; fjk;a flfkl= yg fidrd .ekSug jeä bvla yd ñ,g .ekSug yel' wjYH whg ta i|yd fiajd
we;s neúka tfia isÿ fkdlrk fuka ,smsh lshùug imhk mqoa.,hka yd lKavdhï fï w÷re cd,h yryd
m%:u Tfnka b,a,d isáñ' thg fya;=j w`ÿre cd, ;=< iïnkaO lr .; yel' ;jo mß.Kl j, o;a; fidrd
mß.Kl o;a; fidrlï lsÍSï ^hacking) iy ihsn¾ .kakka (hackers) hk ihsn¾ m%ydr yryd o;a; moaO;s
m%ydrhka (cyber attacks) iq,n neúks' úkdY lrkakka (cyber attackers) wd§ka yryd uqo,a f.jd