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The next advancement needed in this particular field is the implementation of C4I
(Command, Control, Computing, Communication and Intelligence) or at least C4
system between operational and tactical levels and between every tactical unit to
ensure the smooth function of information load each unit is handling.

In order to cater for the information load handled between all levels, there needs a
mandatory secured network, communication link and high capacity data linking to
allow for the extremely large number of data exchange.

As I have reiterated few times early in the essay, the need for underwater capability at
least to pose a deterrence for external forces who operate sub marines in our waters,
the most economical and politically reasonable solution is to acquire underwater
sensors such as active/passive sonars. Those could be in the form of Hull Mounted
Sonars (HMS) onboard naval ships or as individual units that can be operated in
the ocean at fixed locations around the country (Majorly deployed at strategically
important locations). This will provide the minimum required level of surveillance
on sub surface in order to compile the best situational awareness picture for the
purpose of coastal surveillance. A summary of aforementioned idea is depicted in
below Figure 2.

5. Conclusion

Being an island nation, Sri Lanka’s coastal surveillance plays a vital role in terms of
its security. Perceiving the possibilities of future impending security threats and recalling
the horrific incidents took place in Sri Lanka during period of hostilities, it is indeed a need
of the hour to implement a sophisticated coastal surveillance in the country.

The warfare and threats associated with it are dramatically changing their dimensions
in the world. The conventional warfare has been diminishing over last couple of centuries,
th
and the threats emanating in the form of asymmetric warfare and 4 generation warfare
are on the rise. The present world’s conflicts such as the menace of terrorism and their
gradual change and adoption of tactics to the changing world are evidence for that.

Looking into the bigger picture, it is evidently highlighting the existing draw backs
and loop holes found in costal surveillance of Sri Lanka through which possible threats
can easily sneak. Hence, it is a timely necessity to update and upgrade existing coastal
surveillance with every means to ensure the gap freeness while making sure a seamless
integration of all relevant agencies.